The city's aristocrats demanded the theater, and Ramos de Azevedo was assigned to build it. The infobox lists him as architect while the text calls him an engineer, helped by the Italian architects Cláudio and Domiziano Rossi. Construction began in 1903 and it was inaugurated on September 12, 1911. The design was inspired by the Palais Garnier in Paris. The article lists Renaissance, Baroque and Art Nouveau styles. Most materials were imported from Europe, and it seats 1,523.
Repainting in the 1960s deprived the original design of its character. A restoration begun in the 1980s used sandstone from the original mine for the facade and was completed in 1991.
It became part of the National Historic Heritage of Brazil in 1995. It stands on Ramos de Azevedo Square.
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